To alleviate energy poverty, many countries have implemented energy subsidy policies. However, energy subsidies pose numerous challenges, such as substantial fiscal burdens. Therefore, many countries have undertaken energy subsidy reforms. This study reveals that Nigeria's kerosene subsidy reform impacts kerosene consumption patterns. The study identifies significant heterogeneous outcomes based on the household's dependence on kerosene and the gender of household members.., many countries have implemented energy subsidy policies. However., energy subsidies pose numerous challenges., such as substantial fiscal burdens. Therefore., many countries have undertaken energy subsidy reforms. This study reveals that Nigeria's kerosene subsidy reform impacts kerosene consumption patterns. The study identifies significant heterogeneous outcomes based on the household's dependence on kerosene and the gender of household members.