This thesis consists of three essays focusing on various facets of China’s economic development. Chapter 1 builds a disease-level dataset and finds that a 1% increase in market size corresponds to a 7% increase in pharmaceutical patent applications by domestic applicants. Chapter 2 uses a difference-in-differences method to demonstrate a positive impact of the industrial policy “Made in China 2025” on listed firms’ invention patents. Chapter 3 uses the foreign affiliates data of listed firms to find that the higher the tax rates faced by a multinational’s (non-tax haven) foreign operations, the higher the probability of investing in tax havens.