@article{Brès:297889,
      recid = {297889},
      author = {Brès, Luc and Ména, Sébastien and Salles-Djelic,  Marie-Laure},
      title = {Exploring the formal and informal roles of regulatory  intermediaries in transnational multistakeholder  regulation},
      address = {2019},
      number = {ARTICLE},
      abstract = {Research on regulation and regulatory processes has  traditionally focused on two prominent roles: rulemaking  and rule-taking. Recently, the mediating role of third  party actors, regulatory intermediaries, has started to be  explored–notably in a dedicated special issue of the ANNALS  of the American Academy of Political and Social Science.  The present special issue extends this line of research by  elaborating the distinction between formal and informal  modes of regulatory intermediation, in the specific context  of transnational multistakeholder regulation. In this  introduction, we identify two key dimensions of  intermediation (in)formalism: officialization and  formalization. This allows us to develop a typology of  intermediation in multistakeholder regulatory processes:  formal, interpretive, alternative, and emergent. Leveraging  examples from the papers in this special issue, we discuss  how these four types of intermediation coexist and evolve  over time. Finally, we elaborate on the implications of our  typology for regulatory processes and outcomes.},
      url = {http://repository.graduateinstitute.ch/record/297889},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12249},
}