This dissertation theorizes norm transformation as a particular type of norm change linking two normative areas and examines the role of litigation in norm transformation. Relying on courts to address core political predicaments has become a significant legal phenomenon in the twenty-first century. The aim of the dissertation is to answer the question of how litigation affects norm transformation. It theorizes the impact of litigation on norm transformation through a mechanism-based approach. The mechanisms are derived from the literature and the case studies. The norm whose transformation is examined as a case study is the transformation in human rights approaches to environmental protection. The dissertation has four case studies from two different countries, India and Turkey: Delhi Vehicular Pollution case, Sardar Sarovar Dam case, Bergama case, and Artvin-Cerattepe case.